Population aging poses challenges to public health, including oral health. The objective of this article is to analyze edentulism-free life expectancy (EF-LE) and good self-rated oral health life expectancy (GOH-LE) in the population of the city of Campinas 20 years of age or older, considering differences between the sexes. Data were obtained from the Mortality Information System, Live Birth Information System, Demographic Census, and ISACamp 2014/2015 survey. Chiang's method was used to construct mortality tables and Sullivan's method was applied to estimate EF-LE and GOH-LE. At 20 years of age, women have a longer life expectancy without edentulism, but men have a higher proportion of edentulism-free years (87.0% vs. 81.6%). GOH-LE was higher among women at all ages. At 20, women live 75.5% and men live 73.1% of their remaining years with good oral health. By 80 years of age, these proportions increase to 85.6% and 74.4%, respectively. EF-LE decreases with age and is proportionally higher among men at age 20, whereas GOH-LE is greater among women and older adults. These results demonstrate oral health inequalities throughout life and between the sexes, underscoring the need for targeted interventions to improve the oral health of the population.