监督下产前运动与胎盘 Klotho 水平：PLACENTRAINING 研究结果
Placental Klotho responses to supervised prenatal exercise: findings from the PLACENTRAINING study
摘要
该预印本基于 PLACENTRAINING 研究，将孕妇分配至监督下的有氧加抗阻联合运动组（每周 3 次，孕早中期至分娩）或常规照护组，分娩时采集胎盘组织，用 ELISA 检测 Klotho 浓度，并探索胎儿性别差异及与血管生成、炎症相关胎盘标志物的关联。共纳入 76 例（运动组 41、对照组 35）。结果显示，运动组胎盘 Klotho 显著升高，校正后均值差约 101 pg/mL（p=0.001，偏 η²=0.164），且不因胎儿性别而异；多个胎盘标志物与 Klotho 独立相关。结论提示产前运动或可提升胎盘 Klotho，但为预印本、样本量有限，机制与临床意义待验证。
原文摘要
Background: Regular exercise during pregnancy improves maternal and neonatal outcomes; however, the molecular pathways underlying placental adaptations to prenatal exercise remain poorly understood. Klotho is a cytoprotective protein involved in the regulation of oxidative stress, metabolic homeostasis, and cellular resilience, yet whether placental Klotho concentrations are associated with prenatal exercise has not been previously investigated. Aims: The primary aim of this study was to examine whether participation in a supervised concurrent exercise program during pregnancy is associated with placental Klotho concentrations at birth. Secondary aims were to explore potential fetal sex-specific patterns and associations between placental Klotho and selected biomarkers related to angiogenic and inflammatory pathways. Methods: Pregnant women were allocated to either a supervised concurrent exercise program or usual care. The intervention comprised combined aerobic and resistance training performed three times per week from early-mid pregnancy until birth. Placental tissue was collected at birth, and Klotho concentrations were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Secondary analyses explored potential sex-specific patterns and examined associations between placental Klotho, placental weight, and a panel of placental biomarkers. Results: Seventy-six women were included (exercise: n = 41; control: n = 35). Placental Klotho concentrations were significantly higher in the exercise group, with an adjusted mean difference of approximately 101 pg/mL (p = 0.001; partial η 2 = 0.164). This effect was consistent across fetal sex, with no significant exercise-by-sex interaction. Several placental biomarkers were independently associated with Klotho, suggesting a potential relationship with angiogenic and inflammatory signaling pathways. Conclusions: Participation in a supervised concurrent exercise program during pregnancy is associated with higher placental Klotho concentrations at birth, irrespective of fetal sex. These findings provide novel insight into molecular pathways potentially involved in placental adaptations associated with prenatal exercise and reinforce the concept of the placenta as an exercise-responsive organ during pregnancy. Keywords: Concurrent training; Exerkines; Oxidative stress; Pregnancy; Placental function
推荐理由：首次报告产前监督运动与胎盘 Klotho 的关联，为“胎盘是运动响应器官”提供分子层面线索；但属预印本、样本量中等，与辅助生殖直接关联有限，对 ART 实验室的即时转化价值不高。
文献解读
尚未生成。