{"id":388,"title":"Drought and disease trigger novel interactions among top predators","title_zh":"干旱与疾病驱动顶级捕食者之间出现新型相互作用","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907515","doi":"10.1038/s41586-026-11194-z","pmid":"42907515","journal":"Nature","kind":"paper","lang":"en","published_at":"2026-10-21T00:00:00+00:00","fetched_at":"2026-11-08T03:44:12+00:00","authors":["Sergio F","Natsukawa H","Tanferna A","Chicano J","Carro F","Soriguer RC","Hiraldo F","Blas J"],"primary_topic":"art-clinical","topics":[{"slug":"art-clinical","score":3.0,"hits":["trigger"]}],"topic_score":3.0,"preference_score":0.0,"preference_labels":[],"llm_score":18.0,"final_score":30.0,"score_dims":{"novelty":62,"rigor":55,"impact":8,"relevance":3,"translation":3},"recommend_reason":"内容为生态学中顶级捕食者互作与气候胁迫研究，虽涉及繁殖成功率，但与人类生殖医学、辅助生殖及胚胎多组学无实质关联，不建议本领域读者优先阅读。","keywords":["顶级捕食者互作","干旱胁迫","疾病介导猎物减少","繁殖成功率","生态级联"],"selected":0,"story_id":null,"llm_provider":"deepseek","llm_model":"deepseek-flash","llm_effort":"low","source_key":"pubmed-top-journals","source_name":"PubMed · CNS/大子刊/四大医学刊（生殖相关）","source_tier":1,"mention_count":1,"has_interpretation":false,"journal_key":"nature","journal_tier":"cns","journal_if":50.5,"is_mock":false,"summary_zh":"该研究基于长期野外观察，报道在一种新发疾病导致共享猎物（兔）减少之后，原本长期中性共存的哺乳类捕食者猞猁开始大量捕食顶级猛禽鸢。这种捕食仅发生在干旱条件下，且多见于猛禽巢下有兔残骸处，符合移除潜在竞争者的解释。干旱诱发的捕食降低了鸢的终生繁殖成功率，并促使其放弃领域、扩散他处；鸢数量下降又伴随小型食虫鸮增多，提示该新互作可波及更低营养级。作者认为，食性灵活性与移动能力是应对胁迫的重要中介，多种人为胁迫的协同作用可能重塑顶级捕食者的生态角色并产生级联效应。","summary":"Interactions among species are increasingly recognized as key determinants of climate change impacts on ecosystems1-5. However, we know little about how climatic perturbations affect interactions among top vertebrate predators. Here we show that, when an emergent disease caused the decline of shared prey (rabbits), after decades of neutral co-existence a mammalian carnivore (lynx) started to prey heavily on a top predatory raptor (kites). These predation bouts occurred exclusively under drought conditions and when lynx found rabbit remains under the raptor nests, consistent with the removal of a potential competitor. Drought-induced lynx predation depressed lifetime reproductive success and triggered territory abandonment and dispersal by the raptor, suggestive of a new arms race among predators. A reduction in raptor abundance was associated with an increase in an insectivorous bird (a small owl), showing that the new interaction had the potential to reach lower trophic levels. These results underline the importance of diet flexibility and mobility as important mediators of resilience to stressors. In the future, synergistic effects of multiple anthropogenic stressors may reshape the interactions and ecological roles of many apex predators, with potential cascading consequences for whole ecosystems. A key to forecasting the future impact of global change may reside in understanding how behavioural flexibility and interacting keystone species respond to interacting shocks.","interpretation_basis":null,"fulltext_status":null,"interpretation":null,"fulltext":{"available":false,"status":null,"reason":"尚未抓取全文（未入选、分数未达阈值，或还没跑 fulltext 步骤）","pmcid":null,"license":null,"chars":0,"source":null,"fetched_at":null}}