{"id":199,"title":"Serum inhibin B/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio as a predictor of testicular pathology in azoospermic men undergoing testicular sperm extraction: a retrospective study","title_zh":"血清抑制素B/促卵泡激素比值对非梗阻性无精子症患者micro-TESE睾丸病理及取精结局的预测价值：一项回顾性研究","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42968954","doi":"10.7717/peerj.21822","pmid":"42968954","journal":"PeerJ","kind":"paper","lang":"en","published_at":"2026-10-29T00:00:00+00:00","fetched_at":"2026-11-08T03:43:57+00:00","authors":["Ogras MS","Yildirim K","Emiroglu M"],"primary_topic":"male","topics":[{"slug":"male","score":12.0,"hits":["azoospermia","male infertility","sertoli","sperm","spermatogenesis","testicular"]},{"slug":"repro-endo","score":6.0,"hits":["follicle-stimulating hormone","fsh","luteinizing hormone"]},{"slug":"oocyte","score":4.0,"hits":["follicle"]},{"slug":"art-clinical","score":1.0,"hits":["infertility"]}],"topic_score":12.0,"preference_score":0.0,"preference_labels":[],"llm_score":72.0,"final_score":72.0,"score_dims":{"novelty":62,"rigor":60,"impact":68,"relevance":92,"translation":75},"recommend_reason":"该研究提供了一种无创、易得的术前指标，它与NOA睾丸病理类型及micro-TESE获精结局相关，对术前咨询和手术决策有参考价值；但样本量小、单中心回顾性且阈值未经验证，结论仅具假设生成意义。","keywords":["非梗阻性无精子症","抑制素B/FSH比值","micro-TESE","睾丸病理","获精预测"],"selected":1,"story_id":290,"llm_provider":"deepseek","llm_model":"deepseek-flash","llm_effort":"low","source_key":"pubmed-gametes","source_name":"PubMed · 配子与性腺","source_tier":1,"mention_count":1,"has_interpretation":false,"journal_key":null,"journal_tier":"unknown","journal_if":null,"is_mock":false,"summary_zh":"本研究回顾性纳入73例接受显微取精（micro-TESE）的非梗阻性无精子症（NOA）患者，术前2个月内检测血清抑制素B（INHB）、FSH、LH及睾酮，并按睾丸组织病理分为SCOS、早期与晚期成熟阻滞、生精低下及生精正常五组。结果显示，INHB/FSH比值在不同病理组间差异显著（p<0.001），ROC曲线下面积为0.77–0.91；比值较低者多见SCOS与成熟阻滞，较高者多见生精低下或正常。逻辑回归显示该比值每升高10单位，获精结局的比值比为2.36。作者强调该结果为探索性、需内外验证。","summary":"BACKGROUND: Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) represents a severe form of male infertility characterized by impaired spermatogenesis and heterogeneous histopathological findings. Identifying candidate non-invasive biomarkers associated with underlying testicular histopathology before surgical sperm retrieval may provide additional information during preoperative evaluation and patient counseling. INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to investigate the association of serum inhibin B (INHB), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and their ratio (INHB/FSH) with histopathological groups in men undergoing microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 73 men with NOA who underwent micro-TESE were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with obstructive azoospermia, endocrine disorders, or incomplete data were excluded. Serum FSH, luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, and INHB levels were measured within 2 months before surgery. Based on histopathological evaluation, patients were classified into five histopathological groups: Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS), early maturation arrest (EMA), late maturation arrest (LMA), hypospermatogenesis (HSG), and normospermatogenesis (NS). The association between hormonal parameters and histopathological groups was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and binary logistic regression. RESULTS: The INHB/FSH ratio differed significantly among the histopathological groups (p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated moderate-to-high discriminative performance, with area under the curve values ranging from 0.77 to 0.91. In this exploratory cohort, provisional thresholds were observed across the histopathological groups, with lower values generally associated with SCOS, EMA, and LMA and higher values associated with HSG and NS. These findings should be considered hypothesis-generating and require internal and external validation before clinical application. Binary logistic regression demonstrated that higher INHB/FSH ratios were significantly associated with favorable sperm retrieval outcomes, with an odds ratio of 2.36 per 10-unit increase. CONCLUSIONS: The serum INHB/FSH ratio was associated with histopathological groups and sperm retrieval outcomes in men with NOA undergoing micro-TESE. These findings suggest that the INHB/FSH ratio may warrant further investigation as a candidate non-invasive biomarker associated with histopathological groups in men with NOA.","interpretation_basis":null,"fulltext_status":null,"interpretation":null,"fulltext":{"available":false,"status":null,"reason":"尚未抓取全文（未入选、分数未达阈值，或还没跑 fulltext 步骤）","pmcid":null,"license":null,"chars":0,"source":null,"fetched_at":null}}