{"id":137,"title":"Temporal dynamics of cytokine expression, oxidative stress, and endocrine dysfunction following Escherichia coli-induced epididymo-orchitis in rats","title_zh":"大鼠大肠杆菌性附睾睾丸炎后细胞因子表达、氧化应激与内分泌功能异常的时间动态","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42994306","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2026.105102","pmid":"42994306","journal":"Exp Mol Pathol","kind":"paper","lang":"en","published_at":"2026-11-06T00:00:00+00:00","fetched_at":"2026-11-08T03:43:57+00:00","authors":["Nomanzadeh A","Razi M","Hasanzadeh S","Hobbenaghi R"],"primary_topic":"male","topics":[{"slug":"male","score":3.0,"hits":["leydig","spermatogonial","testicular"]},{"slug":"ivg-stem","score":1.0,"hits":["spermatogonial stem cell"]}],"topic_score":3.0,"preference_score":0.0,"preference_labels":[],"llm_score":68.0,"final_score":68.0,"score_dims":{"novelty":60,"rigor":72,"impact":58,"relevance":72,"translation":55},"recommend_reason":"系统刻画了细菌性附睾睾丸炎后炎症—氧化应激—内分泌损伤的时间轴，对理解男性生殖道感染致睾丸功能损害的窗口期有参考价值；但为描述性动物实验，因果与生育力结局未验证，与ART直接关联有限。","keywords":["附睾睾丸炎","大肠杆菌","氧化应激","Leydig细胞","睾酮","睾丸炎症"],"selected":1,"story_id":31,"llm_provider":"deepseek","llm_model":"deepseek-flash","llm_effort":"low","source_key":"pubmed-gametes","source_name":"PubMed · 配子与性腺","source_tier":1,"mention_count":1,"has_interpretation":false,"journal_key":null,"journal_tier":"unknown","journal_if":null,"is_mock":false,"summary_zh":"本研究以90只成年雄性Wistar大鼠为对象，按对照、100 μL与200 μL细菌接种量分组，于24小时及1、2、3、4周多时间点取材，结合组织学、免疫组化、免疫荧光、生化、激素与分子检测，刻画大肠杆菌诱导附睾睾丸炎后睾丸损伤、免疫细胞浸润、氧化还原状态、细胞因子表达与Leydig细胞相关指标的变化。结果显示TAC、MDA、CAT、GSH、GSSG与IL-10在24小时即改变，SOD抑制与促炎因子上调自1周起明显；类固醇合成相关转录本24小时下降，Leydig细胞脂质荧光与血清睾酮自1周降低；CD68阳性细胞早期（尤其1周）达峰，CD45阳性白细胞密度3周达峰。作者强调所见为时间关联而非因果序列，也未证实生精干细胞功能耗竭或生育力受损。","summary":"Bacterial epididymo-orchitis (EO) can compromise male reproductive function, but the temporal relationships among testicular inflammatory, oxidative, and endocrine changes remain incompletely characterized. This study examined these changes after Escherichia coli inoculation in rats. Ninety adult male Wistar rats were allocated to untreated control and 100-μL and 200-μL bacterial-inoculum groups and evaluated at 24 h and 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks (n = 6 per group per time point). Histological, immunohistochemical, immunofluorescent, biochemical, hormonal, and molecular assessments characterized testicular injury, marker-positive cell distributions, immune cell accumulation, redox status, cytokine expression, and Leydig cell-associated endpoints. Changes in TAC, MDA, CAT, GSH, GSSG, and IL-10 were reported at 24 h, whereas significant SOD suppression and pro-inflammatory cytokine upregulation were reported from 1 week. The assayed steroid-related transcripts were reported to decrease at 24 h; reduced Leydig cell lipid-associated fluorescence and serum testosterone were apparent from 1 week. CD68-positive cell accumulation was greatest during the early period, particularly at 1 week, whereas CD45-positive leukocyte density peaked at 3 weeks. Testicular injury was accompanied by reduced THY-1- and NANOG-positive cell densities. Differences between inoculum-volume groups varied by endpoint and time point. These findings describe temporal associations among testicular injury and redox, inflammatory, and endocrine changes; they do not establish a causal sequence, functional spermatogonial stem cell depletion, or impaired fertility. The timing of potential clinical interventions requires separate validation.","interpretation_basis":null,"fulltext_status":null,"interpretation":null,"fulltext":{"available":false,"status":null,"reason":"尚未抓取全文（未入选、分数未达阈值，或还没跑 fulltext 步骤）","pmcid":null,"license":null,"chars":0,"source":null,"fetched_at":null}}